While the causes of most birth defects are unknown, a woman can increase her chance of having a healthy baby.

Many birth defects happen very early in pregnancy, sometimes before a woman even knows she is pregnant. About half of all pregnancies are unplanned. Therefore, every woman should do the following:

  • Take a multivitamin that has 400 mcg of folic acid in it every day
  • Have regular medical check-ups
  • Talk to her health care provider about any medical problems and medicine use (both over-the-counter and prescription). Ask about avoiding any substances at work or at home that might be harmful to a developing baby.
  • Keep vaccinations (shots) up-to-date
  • Eat a healthy, balanced diet
  • Avoid eating raw or under cooked meat
  • Avoid alcohol, tobacco, and street drugs

While pregnant:

  • Keep up these healthy habits
  • Get early prenatal care and go to every appointment
  • Avoid using hot tubs and saunas
  • Have x-rays done only if necessary