Birth Defects Included in Study

What birth defects are included?

BD-Steps-Icons_Heart (1)

Cardiovascular

Anomalous pulmonary venous return, conotruncal heart defects, heterotaxy, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, obstructive heart defects, septal heart defects, single ventricle

BD-Steps-Icons_Central-nervous-system (1)

Central Nervous System

Anencephaly, Dandy-Walker malformation, encephalocele, holoprosencephaly, hydrocephaly, spina bifida

BD-Steps-Icons_Non-system-specific

Non-system-specific

Amniotic band sequence

BD-Steps-Icons_Cleft-palete

Orofacial 

Choanal atresia, cleft lip, cleft palate

BD-Steps-Icons_Genitourinary-system

Genitourinary

Hypospadias (2nd or 3rd degree), renal agenesis (bilateral)

BD-Steps-Icons-Ear-v2

Ear

Anotia/microtia

BD-Steps-Icons-Gastro-v2

Gastrointestinal 

Biliary atresia, esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, intestinal atresia

BD-Steps-Icons_Musculoskeletal (1)

Musculoskeletal


Bladder exstrophy, cloacal exstrophy, craniosynostosis, diaphragmatic hernia, gastroschisis, limb deficiency, omphalocele, sacral agenesis/caudal regression

BD-Steps-Icons_Eye (1)

Eye

Anophthalmia/microphthalmia, congenital cataracts, glaucoma